J. Apesteguia and I. Palacios-Huerta, "Psychological Pressure in Competitive Environments:
Evidence from a Randomized Natural Experiment", American Economic Review 100 (December 2010): 2548-2564.
This economics paper focuses on the psychological issues involved in high-stakes competitive environments, using the penalty kick shootout as an illustration. The major finding of the paper is that there is a structural advantage in the penalty kick shootout to the team that shoots first, which can be explained by psychological factors.
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